Mandates
The targets, laws and pledges that send people to a model: what each requires, by when, and the question it raises.
Many people arrive at a model because something binds them: a treaty target, a national law, a council motion, a court order. Each entry here says who issued the mandate, whom it binds, what it requires by when, how progress against it is counted, and which use case it turns into. A mandate is a reason to model, not a model; the engines and data sit one link away.
The global biodiversity agreement adopted under the Convention on Biological Diversity in December 2022: four goals for 2050, twenty-three targets for 2030, and a commitment by each Party to set national targets.
Treaty of 1987 that phases out the chemicals that deplete the ozone layer; its Kigali Amendment of 2016 adds a phase-down of HFCs, which are greenhouse gases.
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Treaty under the UN climate convention, adopted in 2015: hold warming well below 2 °C and aim for 1.5 °C, through national pledges every five years, common reporting and a global stocktake.
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Target 3 of the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework, adopted under the Convention on Biological Diversity: by 2030 at least 30 per cent of land, inland waters and coastal and marine areas effectively conserved through protected areas and other area-based measures.